蓝牙通信第1篇:搜索蓝牙设备-白红宇

蓝牙通信第1篇:搜索蓝牙设备

阅读量：5315 次

发布时间：2019-06-14

本文共 13159 字，大约阅读时间需要 43 分钟。

一：注意事项

1：android6.0使用蓝牙时，需要开启gps定位权限，不然无法搜索其它蓝牙设备。

二：权限

1：权限配置

2：动态权限代码

由于需要用到存储卡，定位等，android6.0以上需要代码动态设置。

a)获取定位设置

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {     boolean isLocat = isLocationOpen(getApplicationContext());     Toast.makeText(mContext, "isLo:" + isLocat, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();            //开启位置服务，支持获取ble蓝牙扫描结果     if (!isLocat) {        Intent enableLocate = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);        startActivityForResult(enableLocate, 1);     }} /**     * 判断位置信息是否开启     *     * @param context     * @return     */    private static boolean isLocationOpen(final Context context) {        LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);        //gps定位        boolean isGpsProvider = manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);        //网络定位        boolean isNetWorkProvider = manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);        return isGpsProvider || isNetWorkProvider;    }

b)存储卡权限设置

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {            int write = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);            int read = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);            //动态请求读写sd卡权限            if (write != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || read != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, SD_CARD);            }}

然后通过onRequestPermissionsResult（）方法获取动态权限的结果：

@Override    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {        switch (requestCode){            case SD_CARD:                if(grantResults.length>0&&grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){                  //允许访问                }else{                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"您拒绝了程序访问存储卡",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                }                break;            case COARES_LOCATION:                break;        }    }

三：蓝牙搜索

android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter 是蓝牙开发用得比较多，并且比较重要的一个类，可以设备蓝牙名称，打开，关闭，搜索等常规操作。

1 蓝牙打开，以及搜索

蓝牙打开和关闭信息使用BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED去接收广播

BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();mBluetoothAdapter.setName("blueTestPhone"); //判断蓝牙是否打开 boolean originalBluetooth = (mBluetoothAdapter != null && mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()); if (originalBluetooth) {
        mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); } else if (originalBluetooth == false) { mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); }

蓝牙打开后，我们可以获取设备的蓝牙信息

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //获取本机蓝牙名称 String name = mBluetoothAdapter.getName();//获取本机蓝牙地址 String address = mBluetoothAdapter.getAddress();

搜索完成后，通过BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND广播去接收结果，广播代码如下(注意：可能出现设备搜索不到的情况，设备需要开启允许周围设备搜索，或者通过程序来控制允许搜索的时间范围)

/*确保蓝牙被发现，在荣耀8手机上，设置了还是默认的2分钟，所以以下几句代码程序中没有，*/

Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); //设置可见状态的持续时间为300秒，但是最多是300秒 discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300); startActivityForResult(discoverableIntent, REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE_BLUETOOTH);

private void initSearchBroadcast() {        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();        //发现设备        intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);        //设备配对状态改变        intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);        //蓝牙设备状态改变        intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);        //开始扫描        intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);        //结束扫描        intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);        //其它设备请求配对        intentFilter.addAction(ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);        //intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);        registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter);    }private BroadcastReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {        @Override        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {            String action = intent.getAction();            Logger.e(TAG + "mBluetoothReceiver action =" + action);            try {                if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(action)) {
   //开始扫描                    setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);                    log1.setText("正在扫描设备，请稍候...");                } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
   //结束扫描                    Logger.e(TAG + "设备搜索完毕");                    setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);                    log1.setText("扫描完成");                    bondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                    unbondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                    scanStatus = false;                } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
   //发现设备                    findDevice(intent);                } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
   //蓝牙配对状态的广播                    BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                    Logger.e(TAG + device.getName() + "蓝牙配对广播:" + device.getBondState());                    switch (device.getBondState()) {                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:                            Logger.e(TAG + device.getName() + "蓝牙配对广播 正在配对......");                            break;                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:                            Logger.e(TAG + device.getName() + "蓝牙配对广播 完成配对,本机自动配对");                            bondDevices.add(device);                            unbondDevices.remove(device);                            bondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                            unbondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                             break;                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:                            Logger.e(TAG + device.getName() + "蓝牙配对广播 取消配对");                            unbondDevices.add(device);                            bondDevices.remove(device);                            unbondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                            bondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                        default:                            break;                    }                } else if (action.equals(ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST)) {
   //其它设备蓝牙配对请求                    BluetoothDevice btDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                    int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE); //当前的配对的状态                    try {                        String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/blueTest/";                        String deviceName = btDevice.getName();                        Logger.e(TAG + "蓝牙 匹配信息：" + deviceName + "," + btDevice.getAddress() + ",state:" + state);                        //1.确认配对，高版本无效,蓝牙配对不是zuk的问题，而是安卓6.0的bug，凡是遇到蓝牙适配问题的，请同时打开蓝牙和定位，再去配对，基本90%都没有问题了。                        Object object = ClsUtils.setPairingConfirmation(btDevice.getClass(), btDevice, true);                        //2.终止有序广播,如果没有将广播终止，则会出现一个一闪而过的配对框。                        abortBroadcast();                        //3.调用setPin方法进行配对...                        boolean ret = ClsUtils.setPin(btDevice.getClass(), btDevice, PWD);                    } catch (Exception e) {                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block                        e.printStackTrace();                        Toast.makeText(mContenxt, "error:" + btDevice + "," + state, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                    }                } else if (action.equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED)) {
   //蓝牙开关状态                    //    BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                    int statue = mBluetoothAdapter.getState();                    switch (statue) {                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:                            Logger.e("蓝牙状态：,蓝牙关闭");                            ClsUtils.closeDiscoverableTimeout(mBluetoothAdapter);                            break;                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:                            Logger.e("蓝牙状态：,蓝牙打开");                            ClsUtils.setDiscoverableTimeout(1000 * 60, mBluetoothAdapter);                            scanBluetooth();                            break;                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF:                            Logger.e("蓝牙状态：,蓝牙正在关闭");                            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();                            break;                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON:                            Logger.e("蓝牙状态：,蓝牙正在打开");                            break;                    }                }            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }    }; //发现设备的代码如下

private void findDevice(Intent intent) throws Exception{
     //获取到设备对象     BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);     String str = device.getName() + "|" + device.getAddress(); Logger.e("扫描到设备：" + str); if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { //判断当前设备地址下的device是否已经配对 if (!bondDevices.contains(device)) { bondDevices.add(device); } } else { if (!unbondDevices.contains(device)) { unbondDevices.add(device); } if (device.getName().equals(TEST_DEVICE_NAME)) { boolean bondStatus = ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device); Logger.i(TAG + " bondStatus:" + bondStatus); } } Log.e("error", "搜索完毕，准备刷新!"); bondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); unbondAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); }

四：蓝牙配对

正常情况下，蓝牙匹配需要弹出一个匹配确认框，如下图,但我想实现的是，匹配其中一方，不能手动点击配对，因为发起蓝牙连接的设备是android设备，是不能触摸的，所以就要通过程序来解决这个问题，特别声明：（测试的android设备，版本为5.x，并且已经root,没有root的设备，或者不是android5.x不清楚能否实现自动匹配，因为我只有这个测试设备）。

1 当我们搜索到目标手机的蓝牙后，android设备主动发起连接请求，代码如下

if (device.getName().equals(TEST_DEVICE_NAME)) {                boolean bondStatus = ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device);                Logger.i(TAG + " bondStatus:" + bondStatus); }//发起蓝牙匹配请求 public boolean createBond(Class btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice)            throws Exception {        Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("createBond");        Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);        return returnValue.booleanValue();}

2 当被匹配方点击配对后，系统会通过BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED广播告诉android设备，此时android设备就可以自动确认，通过这个流程来完成整个蓝牙的配对,具体代码如下

BluetoothDevice btDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                    int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE); //当前的配对的状态                    try {                        String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/blueTest/";                        String deviceName = btDevice.getName();                        Logger.e(TAG + "蓝牙 匹配信息：" + deviceName + "," + btDevice.getAddress() + ",state:" + state);                         if(deviceName.equals(TEST_DEVICE_NAME)){
   //TEST_DEVICE_NAME  为被匹配蓝牙设备的名称，自己手动定义                            Object object = ClsUtils.setPairingConfirmation(btDevice.getClass(), btDevice, true);                            abortBroadcast();                            boolean ret = ClsUtils.setPin(btDevice.getClass(), btDevice, PWD);                        }                    } catch (Exception e) {                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block                        e.printStackTrace();                        Toast.makeText(mContenxt, "error:" + btDevice + "," + state, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                    }//确认配对public Object setPairingConfirmation(Class
      btClass, BluetoothDevice device, boolean isConfirm) throws Exception {        Method setPairingConfirmation = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPairingConfirmation", boolean.class);       Object object =  setPairingConfirmation.invoke(device, isConfirm);         return object;    }//配对需要调用的方法public boolean setPin(Class
      btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice,                                 String str) throws Exception {        try {            Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPin",                    new Class[]                            {
    byte[].class});            Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice,                    new Object[]                            {str.getBytes()});            Log.e("returnValue", "" + returnValue);        } catch (SecurityException e) {            // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {            // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }        return true;    }

到目前为止，蓝牙权限，以及动态权限，蓝牙的打开，关闭，搜索，以及自动配对(特别声明：（自动配对的android设备，版本为5.x，并且已经root,没有root的设备，或者不是android5.x不清楚能否实现自动匹配，因为我只有这个测试设备）。)代码至此结束。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/cq-jiang/p/7606720.html

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